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Researchers have developed the first numerical polarimetric radar simulator to study and characterize the scattering of debris particles in tornadoes. Current polarimetric radars, also called dual-polarization radars, transmit radio wave pulses horizontally and vertically. The radars provide estimates of rain and snow rates, accurate identification of the regions where rain transitions to snow during winter storms and detection of large hail in summer thunderstorms. But polarimetric radars have limitations the new research aims to address.
Credit: National Science Foundation/Karson Productions
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