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NSF congratulates laureates of the 2023 Nobel Prize in physics

An artistic depiction of a coherent, attosecond laser-like X-ray pulse.

An artistic depiction of a coherent, laser-like X-ray pulse with the largest color spread generated to date. Rainbows of color such as this can support a few extremely short attosecond light pulses -- one attosecond is approximately the time it takes for light to travel the length of three hydrogen atoms. These laser-like X-ray pulses are faster than any process in our physical world and invisible to the human eye.

Credit: Tenio Popmintchev and Brad Baxley, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder


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