Table 23. U.S. citizen and permanent resident doctorate recipients, by broad field of study, ethnicity, and race: Selected years, 1996–2016
Field of study, ethnicity, and race |
1996 |
2001 |
2006 |
2011 |
2016 |
All fields |
31,548 |
28,894 |
29,028 |
31,726 |
35,719 |
Hispanic or Latino |
1,115 |
1,266 |
1,532 |
1,989 |
2,555 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
186 |
142 |
113 |
127 |
128 |
Asiana |
3,674 |
2,134 |
2,391 |
2,832 |
3,082 |
Black or African American |
1,446 |
1,640 |
1,789 |
1,899 |
2,360 |
White |
24,668 |
22,179 |
21,923 |
23,279 |
25,524 |
More than one race |
na |
301 |
464 |
722 |
1,032 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
192 |
355 |
287 |
248 |
273 |
Ethnicity not reported |
267 |
877 |
529 |
630 |
765 |
Life sciencesc |
6,084 |
5,956 |
6,506 |
7,892 |
8,697 |
Hispanic or Latino |
184 |
220 |
306 |
471 |
655 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
32 |
21 |
16 |
25 |
27 |
Asiana |
1,068 |
666 |
696 |
853 |
915 |
Black or African American |
174 |
211 |
299 |
428 |
510 |
White |
4,536 |
4,588 |
4,927 |
5,753 |
6,118 |
More than one race |
na |
55 |
97 |
180 |
263 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
42 |
69 |
61 |
67 |
54 |
Ethnicity not reported |
48 |
126 |
104 |
115 |
155 |
Physical sciences and earth sciences |
3,078 |
2,447 |
2,479 |
3,048 |
3,666 |
Hispanic or Latino |
87 |
74 |
100 |
159 |
186 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
7 |
12 |
5 |
9 |
8 |
Asiana |
571 |
226 |
206 |
252 |
302 |
Black or African American |
61 |
59 |
55 |
86 |
97 |
White |
2,292 |
1,958 |
2,022 |
2,388 |
2,876 |
More than one race |
na |
29 |
27 |
75 |
110 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
24 |
32 |
24 |
28 |
17 |
Ethnicity not reported |
36 |
57 |
40 |
51 |
70 |
Mathematics and computer sciences |
1,162 |
957 |
1,207 |
1,603 |
1,730 |
Hispanic or Latino |
27 |
23 |
33 |
50 |
96 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
5 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
Asiana |
251 |
113 |
201 |
234 |
216 |
Black or African American |
20 |
31 |
34 |
51 |
78 |
White |
834 |
742 |
882 |
1,179 |
1,208 |
More than one race |
na |
9 |
21 |
35 |
65 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
8 |
8 |
15 |
11 |
16 |
Ethnicity not reported |
17 |
28 |
19 |
39 |
48 |
Psychology and social sciences |
5,834 |
5,543 |
5,381 |
6,070 |
6,830 |
Hispanic or Latino |
264 |
285 |
372 |
503 |
583 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
40 |
32 |
22 |
33 |
30 |
Asiana |
374 |
275 |
338 |
396 |
428 |
Black or African American |
284 |
329 |
355 |
399 |
495 |
White |
4,789 |
4,304 |
3,996 |
4,380 |
4,846 |
More than one race |
na |
71 |
113 |
156 |
218 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
39 |
79 |
57 |
49 |
73 |
Ethnicity not reported |
44 |
168 |
128 |
154 |
157 |
Engineering |
3,390 |
2,458 |
2,500 |
3,350 |
4,181 |
Hispanic or Latino |
99 |
91 |
113 |
188 |
271 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
14 |
6 |
4 |
7 |
8 |
Asiana |
896 |
421 |
441 |
563 |
642 |
Black or African American |
74 |
85 |
102 |
130 |
173 |
White |
2,263 |
1,738 |
1,720 |
2,294 |
2,810 |
More than one race |
na |
24 |
45 |
72 |
120 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
9 |
30 |
32 |
22 |
35 |
Ethnicity not reported |
35 |
63 |
43 |
74 |
122 |
Education |
6,075 |
5,462 |
5,171 |
3,878 |
4,303 |
Hispanic or Latino |
218 |
275 |
296 |
230 |
322 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
60 |
38 |
35 |
30 |
30 |
Asiana |
180 |
137 |
174 |
181 |
210 |
Black or African American |
607 |
633 |
639 |
495 |
640 |
White |
4,939 |
4,061 |
3,844 |
2,763 |
2,889 |
More than one race |
na |
47 |
58 |
83 |
101 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
33 |
41 |
47 |
25 |
33 |
Ethnicity not reported |
38 |
230 |
78 |
71 |
78 |
Humanities and arts |
4,261 |
4,601 |
4,240 |
4,192 |
4,447 |
Hispanic or Latino |
184 |
239 |
239 |
287 |
318 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
20 |
22 |
21 |
13 |
19 |
Asiana |
194 |
201 |
224 |
198 |
180 |
Black or African American |
129 |
165 |
170 |
156 |
170 |
White |
3,669 |
3,707 |
3,390 |
3,329 |
3,527 |
More than one race |
na |
49 |
82 |
84 |
112 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
30 |
74 |
37 |
28 |
28 |
Ethnicity not reported |
35 |
144 |
77 |
97 |
93 |
Otherd |
1,664 |
1,470 |
1,544 |
1,693 |
1,865 |
Hispanic or Latino |
52 |
59 |
73 |
101 |
124 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
|
|
|
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native |
8 |
8 |
8 |
6 |
3 |
Asiana |
140 |
95 |
111 |
155 |
189 |
Black or African American |
97 |
127 |
135 |
154 |
197 |
White |
1,346 |
1,081 |
1,142 |
1,193 |
1,250 |
More than one race |
na |
17 |
21 |
37 |
43 |
Other race or race not reportedb |
7 |
22 |
14 |
18 |
17 |
Ethnicity not reported |
14 |
61 |
40 |
29 |
42 |