Table 58. Statistical profile of doctorate recipients in physical sciences and earth sciences fields, by sex and field of study: 2016
Characteristic |
All physical sciences and earth sciences fields |
Chemistry |
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences |
Physics and astronomy |
All doctorate recipients (number)a |
6,252 |
2,704 |
1,227 |
2,321 |
Sex (%) |
|
|
|
|
Male |
68.6 |
63.4 |
58.4 |
80.0 |
Female |
31.4 |
36.6 |
41.6 |
19.9 |
Unknown |
* |
0.0 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Citizenship (%) |
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
58.6 |
58.4 |
65.4 |
55.4 |
Temporary visa holder |
37.0 |
37.0 |
31.8 |
39.8 |
Unknown |
4.4 |
4.6 |
2.9 |
4.9 |
Marital status (%) |
|
|
|
|
Never married |
40.7 |
41.2 |
34.8 |
43.3 |
Married |
37.1 |
35.7 |
43.2 |
35.4 |
Marriage-like relationship |
9.9 |
10.1 |
11.2 |
8.8 |
Separated, divorced, widowed |
2.1 |
1.6 |
3.1 |
2.0 |
Unknown |
10.3 |
11.4 |
7.7 |
10.4 |
Bachelor's in same field as doctorate (%)b |
66.9 |
72.1 |
47.8 |
70.8 |
Master's earned (%) |
51.4 |
34.3 |
68.1 |
62.4 |
Age at doctorate (median years) |
29.5 |
28.9 |
30.7 |
29.6 |
Time to doctorate (median years) |
|
|
|
|
From bachelor's |
6.9 |
6.3 |
8.0 |
7.0 |
From graduate school start |
6.1 |
5.7 |
6.9 |
6.4 |
From doctoral program startc |
5.7 |
5.3 |
5.7 |
5.9 |
Male doctorate recipients (number) |
4,286 |
1,713 |
716 |
1,857 |
Citizenship (%) |
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
57.1 |
57.5 |
61.6 |
55.0 |
Temporary visa holder |
38.4 |
37.7 |
35.3 |
40.3 |
Unknown |
4.5 |
4.8 |
3.1 |
4.7 |
Marital status (%) |
|
|
|
|
Never married |
41.3 |
41.6 |
34.1 |
43.9 |
Married |
37.5 |
36.5 |
46.6 |
35.0 |
Marriage-like relationship |
9.1 |
9.0 |
9.2 |
9.3 |
Separated, divorced, widowed |
1.7 |
1.3 |
2.5 |
1.7 |
Unknown |
10.3 |
11.7 |
7.5 |
10.1 |
Bachelor's in same field as doctorate (%)b |
66.9 |
70.2 |
48.9 |
70.8 |
Master's earned (%) |
52.1 |
34.5 |
69.4 |
61.7 |
Age at doctorate (median years) |
29.5 |
29.0 |
31.2 |
29.6 |
Time to doctorate (median years) |
|
|
|
|
From bachelor's |
7.0 |
6.3 |
8.0 |
7.0 |
From graduate school start |
6.2 |
5.7 |
7.0 |
6.5 |
From doctoral program startc |
5.7 |
5.3 |
5.7 |
5.9 |
Female doctorate recipients (number) |
1,963 |
991 |
510 |
462 |
Citizenship (%) |
|
|
|
|
U.S. citizen or permanent resident |
62.0 |
59.9 |
70.8 |
56.9 |
Temporary visa holder |
34.0 |
35.8 |
26.9 |
37.9 |
Unknown |
4.0 |
4.2 |
2.4 |
5.2 |
Marital status (%) |
|
|
|
|
Never married |
39.5 |
40.6 |
35.9 |
41.3 |
Married |
36.1 |
34.4 |
38.4 |
37.2 |
Marriage-like relationship |
11.4 |
12.0 |
14.1 |
7.1 |
Separated, divorced, widowed |
2.9 |
2.2 |
3.9 |
3.2 |
Unknown |
10.0 |
10.8 |
7.6 |
11.0 |
Bachelor's in same field as doctorate (%)b |
66.8 |
75.4 |
46.5 |
71.0 |
Master's earned (%) |
49.9 |
33.9 |
66.5 |
65.8 |
Age at doctorate (median years) |
29.3 |
28.7 |
30.4 |
29.5 |
Time to doctorate (median years) |
|
|
|
|
From bachelor's |
6.8 |
6.2 |
7.8 |
7.1 |
From graduate school start |
6.0 |
5.7 |
6.7 |
6.3 |
From doctoral program startc |
5.4 |
5.3 |
5.6 |
5.8 |