Table 65. Statistical profile of postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients in engineering fields, by sex and field of study: 2016
Characteristic |
All engineering fields |
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering |
Chemical engineering |
Civil engineering |
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering |
Industrial and manufacturing engineering |
Materials science engineering |
Mechanical engineering |
Other engineering |
All doctorate recipients (number)a |
9,469 |
369 |
1,089 |
923 |
565 |
1,827 |
256 |
985 |
1,299 |
2,156 |
Postgraduation status (number)b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Definite postgraduation study |
1,618 |
75 |
304 |
182 |
103 |
201 |
26 |
204 |
216 |
307 |
Definite employment |
3,228 |
140 |
234 |
303 |
175 |
728 |
109 |
270 |
446 |
823 |
Seeking employment or study |
3,174 |
99 |
398 |
316 |
181 |
555 |
81 |
386 |
424 |
734 |
Otherc |
365 |
9 |
64 |
28 |
24 |
78 |
6 |
19 |
40 |
97 |
Definite postgraduation study (%)d |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Postdoc fellowship |
35.9 |
33.3 |
52.0 |
33.0 |
30.1 |
33.8 |
46.2 |
29.4 |
35.6 |
29.3 |
Postdoc research associateship |
62.8 |
65.3 |
45.7 |
65.9 |
69.9 |
65.2 |
46.2 |
70.6 |
63.0 |
69.4 |
Other or unknowne |
1.3 |
1.3 |
2.3 |
1.1 |
0.0 |
1.0 |
7.7 |
0.0 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
Definite employment (%)f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Academe |
16.9 |
19.3 |
17.5 |
6.6 |
28.6 |
10.6 |
34.9 |
10.7 |
18.8 |
22.0 |
Government |
8.1 |
27.1 |
3.4 |
2.6 |
D |
7.6 |
D |
7.0 |
8.5 |
8.0 |
Industry or businessg |
69.9 |
45.0 |
72.6 |
87.5 |
52.6 |
77.5 |
55.0 |
78.9 |
67.0 |
64.5 |
Nonprofit organization |
3.0 |
6.4 |
4.7 |
2.0 |
D |
2.7 |
D |
2.2 |
2.7 |
3.0 |
Other or unknownh |
2.1 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
1.3 |
5.1 |
1.6 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
2.9 |
2.4 |
Primary activityi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
73.6 |
78.6 |
69.0 |
79.2 |
45.5 |
84.7 |
62.0 |
79.8 |
75.3 |
66.3 |
Teaching |
8.9 |
9.5 |
7.5 |
4.1 |
11.9 |
4.3 |
17.0 |
6.6 |
13.4 |
11.6 |
Management or administration |
4.3 |
D |
7.5 |
1.9 |
6.3 |
1.8 |
D |
2.9 |
2.8 |
6.8 |
Professional services |
9.5 |
D |
13.5 |
8.9 |
30.1 |
5.8 |
D |
9.1 |
5.9 |
11.2 |
Other |
3.8 |
6.3 |
2.5 |
5.9 |
6.3 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
4.1 |
Secondary activityj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
12.6 |
12.7 |
9.0 |
8.2 |
18.2 |
6.6 |
23.0 |
9.1 |
14.2 |
18.2 |
Teaching |
6.7 |
5.6 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
13.3 |
5.2 |
22.0 |
2.5 |
5.4 |
9.1 |
Management or administration |
18.7 |
23.8 |
30.5 |
23.8 |
18.2 |
14.0 |
8.0 |
23.6 |
20.1 |
16.1 |
Professional services |
7.8 |
6.3 |
7.5 |
5.6 |
10.5 |
7.7 |
17.0 |
7.0 |
8.8 |
7.2 |
Other |
1.7 |
3.2 |
1.5 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
0.9 |
0.0 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
No secondary activity |
52.5 |
48.4 |
47.5 |
56.9 |
37.8 |
65.6 |
30.0 |
56.2 |
49.2 |
47.7 |
Activity unknown |
11.1 |
10.0 |
14.5 |
11.2 |
18.3 |
10.4 |
8.3 |
10.4 |
13.0 |
8.7 |
Postgraduation location (%)k |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United Statesl |
90.7 |
92.1 |
95.0 |
90.7 |
88.1 |
92.6 |
81.5 |
92.0 |
91.5 |
87.6 |
New England |
7.4 |
6.0 |
13.2 |
8.0 |
5.0 |
5.9 |
5.2 |
6.1 |
7.1 |
7.3 |
Middle Atlantic |
11.0 |
2.8 |
15.4 |
14.2 |
9.0 |
9.6 |
9.6 |
10.8 |
10.1 |
11.7 |
East North Central |
12.6 |
14.4 |
11.7 |
13.4 |
14.0 |
9.9 |
14.1 |
14.3 |
19.0 |
9.4 |
West North Central |
3.8 |
3.3 |
6.9 |
3.3 |
5.8 |
2.4 |
4.4 |
3.8 |
2.7 |
4.0 |
South Atlantic |
13.1 |
19.1 |
16.4 |
10.5 |
15.1 |
11.1 |
20.0 |
10.3 |
12.1 |
13.8 |
East South Central |
2.4 |
3.7 |
1.9 |
2.5 |
2.9 |
1.4 |
4.4 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
West South Central |
7.3 |
5.6 |
4.8 |
10.7 |
14.7 |
6.9 |
6.7 |
4.9 |
6.6 |
7.2 |
Mountain |
6.5 |
10.7 |
4.3 |
7.2 |
7.9 |
6.4 |
8.9 |
5.9 |
6.3 |
6.2 |
Pacific and insular |
26.6 |
26.5 |
20.4 |
20.8 |
13.7 |
39.1 |
8.1 |
33.3 |
24.3 |
25.5 |
Not in United States |
8.9 |
7.9 |
4.8 |
9.1 |
11.2 |
7.1 |
17.8 |
7.2 |
8.2 |
12.1 |
Location unknown |
0.4 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.7 |
0.3 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Male doctorate recipients (number) |
7,277 |
313 |
687 |
626 |
438 |
1,532 |
185 |
723 |
1,097 |
1,676 |
Postgraduation status (number)b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Definite postgraduation study |
1,262 |
67 |
190 |
139 |
84 |
173 |
20 |
157 |
188 |
244 |
Definite employment |
2,541 |
118 |
155 |
187 |
141 |
625 |
81 |
201 |
386 |
647 |
Seeking employment or study |
2,378 |
D |
245 |
221 |
D |
451 |
56 |
278 |
350 |
562 |
Otherc |
274 |
9 |
40 |
18 |
D |
66 |
D |
12 |
35 |
72 |
Definite postgraduation study (%)d |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Postdoc fellowship |
33.9 |
D |
48.4 |
32.4 |
31.0 |
33.5 |
D |
32.5 |
33.0 |
25.8 |
Postdoc research associateship |
64.8 |
D |
48.9 |
66.2 |
69.0 |
65.9 |
D |
67.5 |
66.0 |
72.5 |
Other or unknowne |
1.3 |
1.5 |
2.6 |
1.4 |
0.0 |
0.6 |
5.0 |
0.0 |
1.1 |
1.6 |
Definite employment (%)f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Academe |
16.0 |
D |
18.7 |
D |
25.5 |
10.2 |
D |
11.9 |
17.1 |
19.9 |
Government |
8.6 |
26.3 |
D |
D |
12.1 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
8.0 |
Industry or businessg |
70.6 |
45.8 |
71.6 |
90.9 |
55.3 |
77.3 |
54.3 |
77.1 |
68.7 |
67.1 |
Nonprofit organization |
2.8 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
3.1 |
2.3 |
Other or unknownh |
1.9 |
D |
1.3 |
1.1 |
D |
1.3 |
0.0 |
D |
D |
2.6 |
Primary activityi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
75.0 |
82.2 |
72.3 |
80.8 |
47.8 |
85.7 |
59.5 |
79.1 |
76.0 |
68.1 |
Teaching |
8.2 |
D |
5.4 |
D |
9.6 |
3.9 |
D |
D |
12.5 |
10.9 |
Management or administration |
4.5 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
9.5 |
3.8 |
D |
6.8 |
Professional services |
9.0 |
D |
10.8 |
10.2 |
30.4 |
5.7 |
D |
D |
6.8 |
10.5 |
Other |
3.2 |
4.7 |
D |
5.4 |
D |
D |
2.7 |
2.2 |
D |
3.7 |
Secondary activityj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
12.4 |
D |
9.2 |
6.6 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
13.6 |
17.5 |
Teaching |
6.5 |
6.5 |
6.2 |
D |
D |
4.8 |
20.3 |
3.3 |
D |
8.0 |
Management or administration |
19.5 |
D |
33.8 |
26.9 |
15.7 |
15.1 |
D |
25.8 |
21.4 |
16.6 |
Professional services |
7.8 |
D |
6.2 |
4.8 |
D |
7.5 |
16.2 |
D |
D |
7.5 |
Other |
1.7 |
3.7 |
1.5 |
D |
2.6 |
D |
0.0 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
1.5 |
No secondary activity |
52.1 |
51.4 |
43.1 |
55.1 |
38.3 |
64.7 |
27.0 |
51.6 |
49.3 |
48.9 |
Activity unknown |
11.1 |
9.3 |
16.1 |
10.7 |
18.4 |
10.7 |
8.6 |
9.5 |
12.7 |
9.0 |
Postgraduation location (%)k |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United Statesl |
90.7 |
D |
94.5 |
89.9 |
88.9 |
92.9 |
D |
92.7 |
91.8 |
87.5 |
New England |
7.1 |
D |
12.5 |
6.1 |
6.2 |
D |
D |
D |
7.0 |
7.3 |
Middle Atlantic |
10.7 |
D |
13.6 |
14.7 |
D |
9.3 |
7.9 |
10.6 |
D |
11.7 |
East North Central |
13.0 |
16.8 |
12.2 |
12.3 |
13.8 |
10.5 |
12.9 |
14.5 |
20.4 |
9.7 |
West North Central |
3.8 |
D |
7.0 |
D |
D |
D |
5.9 |
D |
D |
4.0 |
South Atlantic |
12.9 |
17.8 |
15.1 |
11.7 |
14.2 |
11.4 |
19.8 |
11.2 |
12.0 |
13.0 |
East South Central |
2.4 |
D |
1.4 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
2.8 |
West South Central |
7.0 |
D |
4.1 |
9.8 |
14.7 |
7.0 |
D |
3.9 |
5.9 |
7.4 |
Mountain |
6.7 |
D |
5.2 |
8.6 |
D |
6.8 |
D |
5.9 |
6.1 |
5.6 |
Pacific and insular |
27.0 |
27.0 |
23.5 |
20.9 |
D |
37.6 |
D |
33.5 |
23.5 |
26.0 |
Not in United States |
9.0 |
D |
5.2 |
10.1 |
11.1 |
6.9 |
D |
6.7 |
7.8 |
12.1 |
Location unknown |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
0.6 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Female doctorate recipients (number) |
2,192 |
56 |
402 |
297 |
127 |
295 |
71 |
262 |
202 |
480 |
Postgraduation status (number)b |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Definite postgraduation study |
356 |
8 |
114 |
43 |
19 |
28 |
6 |
47 |
28 |
63 |
Definite employment |
687 |
22 |
79 |
116 |
34 |
103 |
28 |
69 |
60 |
176 |
Seeking employment or study |
796 |
D |
153 |
95 |
D |
104 |
25 |
108 |
74 |
172 |
Otherc |
91 |
0 |
24 |
10 |
D |
12 |
D |
7 |
5 |
25 |
Definite postgraduation study (%)d |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Postdoc fellowship |
43.0 |
D |
57.9 |
34.9 |
26.3 |
35.7 |
D |
19.1 |
53.6 |
42.9 |
Postdoc research associateship |
55.6 |
D |
40.4 |
65.1 |
73.7 |
60.7 |
D |
80.9 |
42.9 |
57.1 |
Other or unknowne |
1.4 |
0.0 |
1.8 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
3.6 |
16.7 |
0.0 |
3.6 |
0.0 |
Definite employment (%)f |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Academe |
20.4 |
D |
15.2 |
D |
41.2 |
12.6 |
D |
7.2 |
30.0 |
29.5 |
Government |
6.0 |
31.8 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
0.0 |
D |
D |
8.0 |
Industry or businessg |
67.4 |
40.9 |
74.7 |
81.9 |
41.2 |
78.6 |
57.1 |
84.1 |
56.7 |
55.1 |
Nonprofit organization |
3.5 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
0.0 |
5.7 |
Other or unknownh |
2.8 |
D |
2.5 |
1.7 |
D |
3.9 |
0.0 |
D |
D |
1.7 |
Primary activityi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
68.1 |
57.9 |
62.9 |
76.5 |
35.7 |
78.7 |
69.2 |
81.7 |
70.6 |
59.9 |
Teaching |
11.3 |
D |
11.4 |
D |
21.4 |
6.4 |
D |
D |
19.6 |
14.2 |
Management or administration |
3.8 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
0.0 |
D |
6.8 |
Professional services |
11.1 |
D |
18.6 |
6.9 |
28.6 |
6.4 |
D |
D |
0.0 |
13.6 |
Other |
5.7 |
15.8 |
D |
6.9 |
D |
D |
3.8 |
0.0 |
D |
5.6 |
Secondary activityj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
R&D |
13.4 |
D |
8.6 |
10.8 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
17.6 |
21.0 |
Teaching |
7.5 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
D |
D |
7.4 |
26.9 |
0.0 |
D |
13.0 |
Management or administration |
15.7 |
D |
24.3 |
18.6 |
28.6 |
7.4 |
D |
16.7 |
11.8 |
14.2 |
Professional services |
7.8 |
D |
10.0 |
6.9 |
D |
8.5 |
19.2 |
D |
D |
6.2 |
Other |
1.6 |
0.0 |
1.4 |
D |
0.0 |
D |
0.0 |
0.0 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
No secondary activity |
53.9 |
31.6 |
55.7 |
59.8 |
35.7 |
71.3 |
38.5 |
70.0 |
49.0 |
43.2 |
Activity unknown |
10.9 |
13.6 |
11.4 |
12.1 |
17.6 |
8.7 |
7.1 |
13.0 |
15.0 |
8.0 |
Postgraduation location (%)k |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United Statesl |
90.6 |
D |
95.9 |
92.5 |
84.9 |
90.8 |
D |
89.7 |
89.8 |
87.9 |
New England |
8.3 |
D |
14.5 |
11.9 |
0.0 |
D |
D |
D |
8.0 |
7.1 |
Middle Atlantic |
12.2 |
D |
18.7 |
13.2 |
D |
11.5 |
14.7 |
11.2 |
D |
11.7 |
East North Central |
10.8 |
0.0 |
10.9 |
15.7 |
15.1 |
6.1 |
17.6 |
13.8 |
10.2 |
8.4 |
West North Central |
3.7 |
D |
6.7 |
D |
D |
D |
0.0 |
D |
D |
3.8 |
South Atlantic |
14.0 |
26.7 |
18.7 |
8.2 |
18.9 |
9.2 |
20.6 |
7.8 |
12.5 |
16.7 |
East South Central |
2.3 |
D |
2.6 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
2.1 |
West South Central |
8.3 |
D |
6.2 |
12.6 |
15.1 |
6.1 |
D |
7.8 |
11.4 |
6.3 |
Mountain |
5.8 |
D |
2.6 |
4.4 |
D |
3.8 |
D |
6.0 |
8.0 |
8.4 |
Pacific and insular |
25.1 |
23.3 |
15.0 |
20.8 |
D |
48.1 |
D |
32.8 |
29.5 |
23.4 |
Not in United States |
8.7 |
D |
4.1 |
6.9 |
11.3 |
8.4 |
D |
8.6 |
10.2 |
12.1 |
Location unknown |
0.7 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.6 |
3.8 |
0.8 |
2.9 |
1.7 |
0.0 |
0.0 |