About 70,000 S&E early career doctorate holders are employed in postdoctoral positions at academic institutions, FFRDCs, or the NIH IRP. The vast majority are employed in academic institutions (93%). Just under 60% of postdoctoral appointees are temporary visa holders.
Over 60% of all employed postdoctoral appointees are men. The proportion of men is higher among temporary visa holders than among U.S. citizens and permanent residents.